What therapy is a recommended alternative to vasopressor infusion for managing unstable bradycardia unresponsive to atropine?

Transcutaneous pacing is a recommended alternative to vasopressor infusion for managing unstable bradycardia that does not respond to atropine. This method involves the use of external pacing pads that deliver electrical impulses to stimulate the heart to beat at a desired rate. In cases of symptomatic bradycardia, especially when there are signs of instability, pacing can quickly restore an adequate heart rate and improve cardiac output.

For patients experiencing bradycardia that is significant enough to cause hemodynamic instability and who do not respond to atropine, transcutaneous pacing is effective because it directly addresses the heart's electrical activity. It is particularly useful in emergency settings where rapid intervention is necessary.

Other interventions like electrical cardioversion, intravenous fluid administration, or oxygen therapy may have their roles in different contexts of cardiac emergencies, but they do not provide the immediate and specific solution that transcutaneous pacing does for bradycardia. Electrical cardioversion is typically used for tachyarrhythmias rather than bradycardias. Intravenous fluids might be considered if hypovolemia is suspected but do not directly address the problem of bradycardia. Oxygen therapy is important for maintaining tissue oxygenation but does not influence heart rate or rhythm directly, making trans